Internet History, Technology, and Security - Week 4

History: The Web Makes it Easy to Use

1. What was a common goal that the various people who built the core Internet technologies we’ve heard from were trying to achieve? (Choose all that apply)

• Collaboratively creating, editing, and managing documentation and other information
• Improving access to special/unique technology to advance research
• Improving communication between people all across the world

2. What did Robert Caillau see as a major strength of his web editor and browser as opposed to Gopher and ultimately Mosaic? (Choose all that apply)

• It opened each element in a new window
• It handled links as connections as opposed to ‘ugly’ URLs
• It could both edit and view all documents

3. What does HTTP stand for?

• Hyper Text Transfer Protocol

4. In 1994-1995, Microsoft saw the Internet as such an important piece of the future that they devoted how many people to developing support for the Internet and Web into Windows-95?

• 2000

5. What best describes Robert Caillau’s vision for the World Wide Web?

• An interface that would allow academics to collaboratively create, edit, and view documentation, seeing each different type of material (maps, images, text, etc.) in its own particular individual window.

6. Which of the following best describe how people used the web server developed by Paul Kunz? (Choose all that apply)

• As an early digital library

• As an early search engine

7.What pieces of technology had to be created for the web to be successful in 1994? (Choose all that apply)

• A language to mark up web documents so they could be displayed in a browser
• A method of linking between documents
• A protocol that allowed for the retrieval of documents stored on network-attached servers

8. During what time period was Gopher more popular than the Web?

• 1990-1993

9. What is the markup language invented by Tim Berners-Lee and Robert Cailliau to represent web documents.

• HTML

10. What problems were the team trying to develop NCSA Mosaic trying to solve? (Choose all that apply)

• Creating a browser that ran on Unix, Windows, and Macintosh
• Creating a browser that would let people view documents stored on the web
• Creating a web browser that was easy to install

11. Who did Paul Kunz describe the modern implementation of the internet as being a “win-win” solution for? (Choose all that apply)

• The Web is a win for companies because it helps them reaching their target audience more directly
• The Web is a win for everyday people as it allows them to do complex product comparisons effectively

12. Which of the following is true? (Choose all that apply)

• Packet-switched networks allow short messages to move across the network even when a large file is being transferred across a link
• Packet-switched networks break long messages into short segments that are sent individually

13. What did Steve Jobs contribute to the creation of the Internet?

• He was responsible for the company that created the NeXT machine – and on which much of the most earliest development of the Internet was done.

14. Which of the following is not true about the CERN high-energy physics lab?

• They got a grant from the National Science Foundation to build the first Internet in 1985

15.In what year can we clearly say the World Wide Web took off?

• 1994

16. What makes Switzerland an ideal location to house a multi-national collaborative research facility like CERN?

• Switzerland’s longstanding neutrality allows scientists from all over the world to travel there more easily than other nations.

17. What kinds of atmospheres do we consistently see as providing the right support to allow fantastic innovation to happen? (Choose all that apply)

• Places that put whole communities of extraordinary experts in one location to work together on various projects.
• Organizations that support and encourage creativity in all forms – including music, art, and the pursuit of extensive side projects.