Saturday, January 21, 2017

Microsoft INF200.1x, Windows Server 2012 Fundamentals: Infrastructure - Site Links

 

What are Site Links?

Site links describe connections
Site links describe the connections between sites. For two sites to exchange replication data, a site-link must connect them. A site-link is a logical path that is used to establish replication between sites.
Initially there is only one site link
When you create a forest, one site-link object is created: DEFAULTIPSITELINK. By default, each new site that you add is associated with this site link. The DEFAULTIPSITELINK and any other site-links created have a default cost of 100 and a default replication period of 180 minutes.
Screenshot of the DEFAULTIPSITELINK Properties page. The default-first-site-name link is shown with cost of 100 and replication every 180 minutes.

When to create more site links?

By default, all sites use the default site link
To understand site links it is best to think through an example. Consider an organization with a data center at the headquarters and three branch offices connected to a data center with dedicated high speed networks. You create sites for each branch office: Seattle, Amsterdam, and Beijing. By default, each of the sites, including headquarters, is associated with the DEFAULTIPSITELINK site-link object.
Visual representation of four sites Headquarters, Amsterdam, Beijing, and Seattle. A possible site link is shown from Amsterdam to Headquarters to Seattle.
A single site link may not be efficient
Because all four sites use the same site link, you are instructing AD DS that all four sites can replicate with each other. That means that Seattle may replicate changes from Amsterdam; Amsterdam may replicate changes from Beijing; and so on. So, some replication traffic on the network can flow from one branch through the headquarters on its way to another branch. A single site-link does not control the network routes that are used. Having a single site link may not be efficient when you have multiple sites and different network topologies.
Control replication by creating site links that mirror your network topology
To align your network topology with Active Directory replication, you must create specific site-links. That is, you can create site-links that reflect your intended replication topology.
Visual representation of four sites, Headquarters, Seattle, Amsterdam, and Beijing. Only three sites are shown, one from Headquarters to each fo the other sites. For example, Headquarters to Seattle.
Define the site links you want to use for replication
Continuing the preceding example, you would create three site-links as follows:
  • HQ-SEA includes the Headquarters and Seattle sites.
  • HQ-AMS includes the Headquarters and Amsterdam sites.
  • HQ-BEI includes the Headquarters and Beijing sites.
After you create site-links, the topology will be used to build a replication topology that connects each site.
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