What are subnets?
Subnets map network addresses to sites
Subnets identify the network addresses that map computers to AD DS sites. A subnet is a segment of a TCP/IP network to which a set of logical IP addresses are assigned. A site can consist of one or more subnets.
When you design your AD DS site configuration, it's critical that you correctly map IP subnets to sites. Similarly, if the underlying network configuration changes, make sure that you update the configuration to reflect the new site mapping. Domain controllers use the AD DS subnet information to map client computers and servers to sites. If this mapping isn't accurate, operations such as logon traffic and applying GPOs are likely to occur across WAN links, and may be disruptive.
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